ANALISIS PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN TB PARU PADA PEKERJA TAMBANG EMAS DI KABUPATEN LEBONG

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: TB Paru disebabkan Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Kasus TB Paru sebesar 10 juta orang di seluruh dunia dan 1,5 juta orang penderita meninggal. Kasus TB Paru di Indonesia hingga berjumlah 842.000 kasus dan kematian akibat TB Paru sebesar 16%. Kasus TB Paru di Provinsi Bengkulu sebanyak 7.188 kasus serta angka kematian TB Paru selama pengobatan 100 kasus.  Kasus TB Paru di Kabupaten Lebong tahun 2020 tercatat 117 kasus TB Paru, tahun 2021 sebanyak 147 kasus dan pada tahun 2022 sebanyak 187 kasus, dimana 33%, terjadi pada pekerja tambang emas tradisional. Kondisi pertambangan emas tradisional yang tidak memenuhi syarat kesehatan akan berisiko menjadi sumber penularan penyakit TB Paru. Penyakit TB Paru terjadi karena perilaku hidup yang tidak memprioritaskan kesehatan pada saat bekerja, kondisi didalam lubang pertambangan yang sempit. Tujuan penelitian untuk melakukan analisis perilaku pencegahan TB Paru pada pekerja tambang emas di Kabupaten Lebong.

Metode: Penelitian Kuantitatif dengan rancangan Cross Sectional Study. Populasi seluruh pekerja tambang emas tradisional Kabupaten Lebong sebanyak 1.257 responden. Teknik Simple Random Sampling. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 108 responden. Analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square.

Hasil: Pengetahuan pekerja tambang emas tradisonal sudah dikategorikan baik sebesar 63,9%. Perilaku pencegahan TB Paru pekerja tambang tradisional hampir seluruh responden berperilaku negatif sebesar 75,9%. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku pencegahan TB Paru pada pekerja tambang emas tradisional Kabupaten Lebong (Pvalue: 0,119).

Saran: Pekerja tambang harus berperilaku positif dipertambangan seperti menggunakan alat pelindung diri pada saat berkerja, jaga jarak dengan penderita TB Paru, dan tidak merokok.

Kata Kunci: TB Paru, Pekerja Tambang, Pengetahuan, Perilaku.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

Background: Pulmonary TB is caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Pulmonary TB cases amounted to 10 million people worldwide and 1.5 million sufferers died. Pulmonary TB cases in Indonesia have reached 842,000 cases and deaths due to pulmonary TB are 16%. Pulmonary TB cases in Bengkulu Province were 7,188 cases and the death rate for pulmonary TB during treatment was 100 cases.  In 2020 there were 117 cases of pulmonary TB in Lebong Regency, in 2021 there were 147 cases and in 2022 there were 187 cases, of which 33% occurred in traditional gold mining workers. Traditional gold mining conditions that do not meet health requirements will risk becoming a source of transmission of pulmonary TB disease. Pulmonary TB disease occurs due to lifestyle behavior that does not prioritize health when working, conditions in narrow mining pits. The aim of the research was to analyze pulmonary TB prevention behavior among gold mining workers in Lebong Regency.

Method: Quantitative Research with a Cross Sectional Study design. The population of all traditional gold mining workers in Lebong Regency was 1,257 respondents. Simple Random Sampling Technique. The total sample was 108 respondents. Univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test

 

Results: The knowledge of traditional gold mining workers is categorized as good at 63.9%. The pulmonary TB prevention behavior of traditional mining workers, almost all respondents behaved negatively, amounting to 75.9%. There is no significant relationship between knowledge and pulmonary TB prevention behavior among traditional gold mine workers in Lebong Regency ( Pvalue: 0.119).

 

Conclusion: Mining workers must behave positively in mining, such as using personal protective equipment when working, keeping their distance from pulmonary TB sufferers, and not smoking.

Keywords: Pulmonary TB, Mining Workers, Knowledge, Behavior.